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Energy

About this sector

Energy is required every day in different forms and its use lies at the core of modern industrialized society. Global demand for energy is growing steadily, particularly in emerging countries seeking economical development. Nowadays, fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas), nuclear and renewable sources (solar and wind energy, hydropower, biofuels) are the three main types of energy resources.


Impacts

  • Habitat loss and alteration from infrastructure development, biofuel cultivation and hydropower production.
  • Water consumption for the production of oil and gas, as well as biofuel that can impact local water supplies.
  • Greenhouse gas emissions from the burning of fossil fuels and the clearance of forest for biofuel cultivation.
  • Pollution from oil spills, nuclear waste and agricultural chemicals used in biofuel production.

Opportunities/Risks

  • Regulatory risk: increasing requirements for redress through legislation such as the EU Liability Directive, and that of countries such as Brazil and the USA that requires impacts to be offset or compensated for.
  • License to operate: strong relationships with regulators can result in obtaining agreement to operate in less time.
  • Reputation: managing biodiversity can ensure a good reputation among local communities, governments and other stakeholders.

Case Studies


Partnering for biodiversity conservation on landfill sites

Partnering for biodiversity conservation on landfill sites

As part of its reputational risk management, SITA France is developing different programs aiming to conserve biodiversity on its landfill sites. These initiatives include field programs, such as the Red Kite conservation project, and development of new methodologies designed to better assess impacts on biodiversity and consequently better monitor conservation and rehabilitation actions.

Conserving biodiversity along distribution lines

Conserving biodiversity along distribution lines

Hydro-Québec is a government-owned utility with a single shareholder, the Québec government. Its mandate is to generate, transmit and distribute electricity in Québec. It sells surplus power on wholesale markets and is also active in arbitrage and purchase/resale transactions. The company has more than 23,000 employees and operates essentially with renewable energy sources, especially hydropower. Hydro-Québec relies on a total installed capacity of 36,427 MW, of which 97% comes from its 59 hydroelectric generating stations and 26 large reservoirs. Besides hydropower, it relies on wind power, which makes up 1% to 2% of its total capacity now and should rise to about 10% by 2015.


Tools and Mechanisms


Environmental due diligence (EDD) for renewable technologies

Environmental due diligence (EDD) for renewable technologies

http://www.unep.fr/energy/activities/ddg/

Guidelines on EDD for Renewable Energy Technologies, developed by UNEP and its Collaborating Center BASE, provide a practical tool for financiers and investors to check and mitigate their risk of investments in this sector. The EDD guidelines are intended to provide practical, standardized procedures for identifying and managing environmental impacts associated with investments; in particular, renewable energy technologies.
Dams and Development Project (DDP). A Framework for Decision Making

Dams and Development Project (DDP). A Framework for Decision Making

http://www.unep.org/dams/Practical_Tools/

The DDP was developed in conjunction with World Bank and IUCN, and sets out recommendations for the sustainable construction of dams. Its aim was improving the decision-making processes, planning, and management of dams and their alternatives. The recommendations from the World Commission on Dams form the basis for many decision-making processes for dams around the world and constitute international soft law. They are also being adapted to national contexts in various public dialogue processes around the world. Additionally, a set of practical, non-prescriptive tools to help decision-makers have been developed in accordance with the main objectives of Phase 2.
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)

http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=19...

LEED was developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) and is an international green building certification system based on criteria related to achieving high performance in key areas of human and environmental health: sustainable site development, water savings, energy efficiency, materials selection and indoor environmental quality.
Climate & Biodiversity Nexus (CB NEX)

Climate & Biodiversity Nexus (CB NEX)

http://www.cbnex.com/

CB NEX is a platform designed to use social media in conjunction with the main website to connect people and organisations to climate change and biodiversity resources.
Ecosystem services guidance: Biodiversity and ecosystem services guide and checklists

Ecosystem services guidance: Biodiversity and ecosystem services guide and checklists

http://www.ipieca.org/publication/ecosystem-servic...

This document was prepared by the IPIECA/OGP Biodiversity and Ecosystems Services Task Force, under the auspices of the IPIECA/OGP Biodiversity Working Group.

The aim of this guide is threefold:
  • Firstly, it explains the relationship between biodiversity, ecosystem services, and the oil and gas industry.
  • Secondly, it provides a set of checklists to help identify the main ecosystem service dependencies and impacts of oil and gas developments.
  • Thirdly, it highlights key associated risks and opportunities for oil and gas companies, and provides guidance on potential measures for managing them. The checklists covering the five stages of the oil and gas life cycle for six generic habitat types, onshore and offshore, can be accessed online or via a CD-ROM which will be enclosed within the printed guide.

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