The conservation of private lands in Honduras began in 2001 and consequently the Honduran Network of Private Nature Reserves was established as a central initiative of the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor Project which was also supported by other projects and international cooperation programs, intended to bring together a significant number of landowners with interest to promote the conservation and management of natural resources in one association, with the ultimate aim of bringing these to the category of private reserves. As one of the activities under the work program of the CBD in PA, the government of the Honduran Republic promotes the strengthening of management and private conservation initiatives, considering that it can complement the conservation of fragile ecosystems underrepresented in the national system of protected areas in Honduras. Dry forest ecosystems are one of the most threatened and also a priority for private nature reserves.The remnants of dry forest are subject to constant threats from the surrounding productive landscape, due to limited capacities, knowledge and experience of local planners in land use and landscape.

Costa Rica has 26 percent of its land area under various protection management categories. As in many other developing countries, however, challenges and threats are great. This is mainly due to the fact that development continues to pressure the ecological systems around terrestrial and marine protected areas. Overfishing, legal and illegal fishing, unregulated tourism development, urbanization, logging, and water pollution, sedimentation, the degradation of coral reefs and the depletion of fisheries, are threats that affect protected areas as well as other neighboring lands and waters. In addition, despite the enormous efforts made to date, Costa Rica’s protected area system still has conservation gaps that must be addressed if the desired ecological representation is to be achieved.

PNG is home to one of just four large, intact tropical forest wilderness areas remaining on Earth, with over 30 million hectares of old growth forests. An astounding 50 percent of PNG’s plants (approximately 15,000 species in total) are endemic.

The Levanga Conservancy, a 13 035 hectare wildlife ranch created in the 1970s, is located in South East (SE) lowveld of Zimbabwe and is part of the 350 000 hectares Save Valley Conservancy (SVC) in Chiredzi district in Masvingo province.

The Solomon Islands consists of six major islands, 30 smaller islands and approximately 962 isles, atolls and cays. The islands chain extends over a distance of 1600km with a total area of 28,369km2 and Sea area (EEZ) of 1.34million sq km (National Environment Management Strategy, 1993:6).The islands are highly diverse with rare and endemic species of indigenous flora and fauna.

Lying at the southern end of the Coral Triangle, the Lesser Sunda Ecoregion (LSE) stretches from Bali to Timor Leste, covering an area of more than 45 million hectares. Linking the Indian and Pacific Oceans, the LSE supports diverse and highly productive coral reef and pelagic habitats and is an important transition zone between Pacific and Indian faunas

La importancia social y cultural vital del bioma Amazónico es ampliamente reconocida. Tiene un área de 6,7 millones de Km2, abarca nueve países, con una población aproximada de 44 millones de personas, incluyendo más de 380 grupos indígenas, que dependen de sus recursos.

Les aires protégées représentent environ 3 % de la superficie de la Tunisie. En effet, l’objectif majeur de création des parcs nationaux est tout d’abord préserver le patrimoine biologique de la Tunisie dans un but d’assurer la durabilité de ces ressources, de diminuer la perte des éléments de la DB et de s’acquérir d’ un réservoir biologique stratégique.

Home to and in the center of the world’s richest marine biodiversity, the Philippines’ marine ecosystems provide close to half the nation’s animal protein. It supports the economically critical fishing industry which employs more than two million people directly, and many more in ancillary fisheries-related and marine tourism industries – all of which depend on functioning marine ecosystems.

The Gulf of Nicoya harbors 20 mangroves covering 112 km of shore line, representing around 15.400 ha. 50% of it is protected as Wildlife Reserves (category II UICN). In the internal part of the gulf there is probably the most important extension of L. racemosa present in the country.

Costa Rica’s long-term solution to the ongoing loss of biodiversity depends on consolidating its MPAs through increased ecological representation, improved management effectiveness, and ensured financial sustainability.

The region including the exclusive marine economic zones of Ecuador, Colombia, Panama and Costa Rica is one of the most productive areas of the Eastern Tropical Pacific and belongs to one of the biogeographical provinces with one of the highest index of endemism in the world.

Samaná Bay is situated on the Dominican Republic’s northeastern coast bordering with the Atlantic Ocean and is one of the largest estuaries in the Caribbean. Best known for its high concentration of breeding Humpback Whales during the winter months, the bay has been considered a priority site for protection since the early 1980’s.

The mixed semi-tropical forests of western Bolikhamxay Province are largely of a type that was historically found fairly widely in Indochina with species such as elephant and clouded leopard. Much of this habitat has been converted for agriculture, logging and plantations. However, several protected areas, including the three provincial protected areas that are the focus of this proposal, have largely escaped this conversion and thus are of national and regional importance.

In addition to unique endemics, these forests of eastern Bolikhamxay are also home to several endangered primates including gibbons, douc langurs and leaf monkeys. While we do know that gibbons, doucs and leaf monkeys are present, this area has been little explored biologically so it is therefore uncertain where these species will fall within the IUCN Vulnerable, Endangered or Critically Endangered categories.

The Nam Kading National Protected Area is the third largest in Lao PDR at over 1,600 square kilometers, and can likely support viable populations of many medium sized mammals under threat, including at least four Critically Endangered and Endangered primate species. These include the Northern White-cheeked Gibbon, the Southern White-cheeked Gibbon, Red-shanked Douc Langur and one or possibly two Leaf-monkey species in the taxonomically unclear (but clearly highly threatened) Trachypithecus complex.

Due to their uniqueness, these evergreen forests are globally irreplaceable and an ecological priority for the Laos national protected area system. Their size and contiguity make them the best chance for the long-term viability of the endemic wildlife.

A coalition of Government, NGOs, and civil society organizations have come together to discuss the need to develop a mechanism for long-term financing of Uganda’s protected areas. The group has recommended the creation of the Uganda Conservation Trust Fund (UCTF) that is independent of Government and which can generate the financial resources necessary to support the management of protected areas in Uganda.

The region's Caribbean coast is under intense anthropogenic pressure, as the populations of the five provinces that comprise the region, reach a total of just over 1. 7 million inhabitants, which represents 28% of the total population. Most of the population are Garifunas and Miskito (ethnic groups), which are located along the coastal area of the country. These ethnic communities are highly vulnerable, living in poverty and are seriously threatened by the degradation of natural resources. Project objectives include strengthening the governance of the region through institutional strengthening of NGOs and government institutions involved, improving the technical, financial regulation and management of coastal marine resources, accomplishing sustainable management and recovery of marine ecosystems through implementation of best fishing practices, tourism and infrastructure for economic development in the area, designing and implementing monitoring programs and research for decision makers by key stakeholders and implementing environmental education programs that promote good practices and sustainable development.

The project will take place in the Department of Olancho, one of the most important regions related to forestry resources, which are very important for the national and local economy. The majority of the local communities involved in this project live in poverty, and lack the tools and mechanisms to effectively participate in the management of protected areas. The project objectives include consolidating the network of protected areas (7) of the Region of Olancho, managing PAs effectively and participatively and achieving an ecologically representative network, in order to accomplish environmental, social and economic functions.

Intrinsic Biodiversity Problem - The disappearance of the lowland humid forest ecosystem of TGK would constitute a loss of the largest remaining area of this highly threatened and diverse vegetation type in Southern Madagascar, as well as a number of species endemic to the SE, and even to TGK itself, and many more that are poorly, if at all, represented in existing PAs.

The middle reach of the Zambezi River, from Chirundu, Zambia, to the river’s entry into Mozambique, is renowned for its wildlife diversity and abundance. This spectacular area, visited by thousands of tourists from around the world each year, hosts some of Africa’s best remaining populations of Nile crocodile, hippopotamus, African elephant, and African buffalo, and is also home to wild dog, lion, leopard, eland, sable and Lichtenstein’s hartebeest.

This Project will focus on nineteen discreet pilot sites across South Africa, spanning five of its nine biomes and six of its nine provinces. The aim of the Project is to work closely with local communities to secure high priority biodiversity land in the protected area network and simultaneously to deliver livelihood benefits.

The Northern Reefs area includes a large number of marine habitat types, including seagrass beds, algal flats, barrier reefs, fringing reefs, patch reefs, atolls, sunken atoll, lagoon areas, small sand spits/islands, and small volcanic rock islands.

MaMaBay faces many challenges – growing demands for agricultural land, intensive bushmeat hunting, illegal logging, unchecked and unsustainable fishing and expanding oil and gas industries. As productivity of the land is increasingly diminished by poor planning and land-use practices, more people turn to the forest and the sea for their livelihoods.

In the forested regions of western Tanzania two project sites with protected areas at their core include communities that depend on and are essential for future sustainability and improved effectiveness of these protected areas. Yet these communities threaten the viability of the forest and freshwater upon which they depend.

The Atiquipa lomas, located in the Caravelí province, Arequipa Region, are the most important and best preserved in Peru and contain the only remaining patch of lomas forest in the world.