Decision COP 15/7
Resource mobilization
Emphasizing the importance of urgently increasing the mobilization of financial resources from all sources, domestic and international, public and private, with a view to closing the biodiversity financing gap and making adequate and predictable resources available in a timely manner for the effective implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework,
Noting Targets 14, 15, 16, and 18 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, and emphasizing the importance of biodiversity mainstreaming for strengthening resource mobilization and the effective and efficient use of resources, in order to support the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity,
Affirming the need to quick-start immediate mobilization of resources from all sources while taking appropriate action to ensure sustained resource mobilization to achieve the 2030 targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and the 2050 vision, and to mobilize resources in a manner commensurate with the ambition of the Framework,
Acknowledging that Aichi Biodiversity Target 20 calling for a substantial increase in resources for implementing the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 was partially met and welcoming the efforts made in this regard, while recognizing that resources were not sufficient to enable full and effective implementation of the Aichi Biodiversity Targets,
Reiterating the important role of national biodiversity strategies and action plans as a basis for identifying national funding needs and priorities, and for the effective and efficient mobilization of resources from all sources in accordance with national circumstances and priorities, including, as applicable, for the implementation of the Protocols under the Convention, and for the synergistic implementation of other biodiversity-related conventions,
Recalling that Parties are invited to prepare national finance plans or other similar planning instruments, in the context of national biodiversity strategies and action plans, in line with sub-goal 2.2 of the strategy for resource mobilization adopted in decision IX/11,
1. Expresses its appreciation to the Government of Germany for providing financial support to the work of the Panel of Experts on resource mobilization, and for hosting the Thematic Workshop on Resource Mobilization for the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, which was held in Berlin, from 14 to 16 January 2020;
2. Welcomes the final report of the Panel of Experts, which provides an assessment of the resources from all sources needed for the implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, and takes note of the other reports of the Panel of Experts, considered by the Subsidiary Body on Implementation at its third meeting;
6. Acknowledges the pledges made to finance the implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, recognizes that further efforts are needed, and encourages developed country Parties, other donors, and financial institutions to facilitate efficient access to these resources through multilateral and bilateral channels;
7. Welcomes new initiatives including, but not limited to, the NBSAP Accelerator Partnership, the High-Ambition Coalition for Nature and People 2.0, the Legacy Landscapes Fund, the Kunming Biodiversity Fund, the Japan Biodiversity Fund, and other instruments, and encourages public and private donors to contribute to them and all Parties to make use of these instruments;
8. Invites the Secretary General of the United Nations, building on the reforms of the United Nations System, to further strengthen the United Nations development system, and the funds and programmes, to further strengthen the United Nations country team to support countries in integrating priorities identified in national biodiversity strategies and action plans and other national biodiversity planning instruments into United Nations sustainable development cooperation frameworks;
13. Encourages Parties and invites other Governments, organizations, the private sector and other major stakeholder groups to take the strategy for resource mobilization into consideration as a flexible framework guiding implementation of the targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework related to resource mobilization, in accordance with national circumstances;
15. Calls upon the Global Environment Facility to further reform its operations to ensure adequacy, predictability, and the timely flow of funds by establishing easy and effective access modalities, including by scaling fast-track systems and by facilitating new contributors;
16. Calls for fundamental transformation of the global financial architecture and the reform of multilateral development banks and international finance institutions, including investment banks, to make them fit for purpose in supporting implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, sustainable development and just transition efforts in developing countries;
17. Invites multilateral development banks as well as international financial institutions and philanthropy, to support the strategy for resource mobilization, and in particular to:
(a) Identify and report investments in their portfolio that contribute to achieving the objectives of the Convention and the goals and targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, taking into account relevant international guidance and good international practice;
18. Invites international financial institutions and multilateral development banks, in particular the World Bank Group and the International Monetary Fund, to immediately consider supporting implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, including by partnering with the Global Biodiversity Framework Fund, established as per paragraph 30 of the present decision;
19. Invites developed country Parties and other Parties in a position to do so to support the strategy for resource mobilization, in particular through mainstreaming of biodiversity and increasing direct funding to biodiversity in their portfolios, as well as through instruments for the mobilization of private investment for biodiversity;
20. Takes note with appreciation of the recent programmatic initiatives of funds such as the Land Degradation Neutrality Fund under the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, the Green Climate Fund and the Global Environment Facility, as well as other bilateral and multilateral funding mechanisms, such as the funding arrangements for responding to loss-and-damage, including a fund, to harness synergies in project development and financing for the purpose of the objectives of the Rio conventions and global biodiversity-related Conventions and agreements;
21. Encourages the funds and funding mechanisms mentioned in paragraph 20 above to continue and intensify their work with a view to generating and increasing biodiversity co-benefits through complementary, coherent and collaborative interventions that generate greater impact, as well as to enhance efforts to simultaneously tackle biodiversity loss, climate change and land degradation;
22. Encourages Parties to develop, update, and implement national biodiversity finance plans or similar instruments, based on an assessment of biodiversity expenditures and finance needs, and based on national biodiversity strategies and action plans, to support adequate and timely mobilization of international and domestic, public and private financial resources for the effective implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework;
24. Encourages developing country Parties, as appropriate, to provide information in their national biodiversity finance plans, on financial, technology development and transfer, and capacity-building support needed, received, and used, to implement their national biodiversity strategies and action plans;
25. Takes note with appreciation of the work of relevant and interested international organizations and initiatives, including the Biodiversity Finance Initiative of the United Nations Development Programme (BIOFIN), to provide financial and technical support and capacity-building for interested countries in the development, updating and implementation of national finance plans for biodiversity, and for the refinement of the Biodiversity Finance Initiative methodology, and encourages BIOFIN and other relevant and interested organizations and initiatives to continue and expand their work;
26. Invites the Global Environment Facility to support the development and implementation of national biodiversity finance plans or similar planning instruments to support efforts by recipient countries to mobilize domestic and international resources to reach their national goals, as defined in their national biodiversity strategies and action plans, and to contribute to the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework;
27. Encourages developed country Parties and Parties in a position to do so to continue and further increase their financial support to BIOFIN and other related initiatives in order to support the speedy implementation of national finance plans or similar instruments by developing country Parties or Parties with economies in transition;
28. Takes note with appreciation of the work of the Environmental Policy Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to support countries in scaling up and aligning incentives, in particular on guidance to identify and assess incentives harmful to biodiversity, on tracking economic instruments and finance for biodiversity, and on aligning national budgets with climate, biodiversity and other environmental objectives, and the relevant work of BIOFIN, and encourages the organizations to continue and further intensify this work;
29. Recognizes the urgency to increase international biodiversity finance and to establish a dedicated and accessible fund in 2023 for the KunmingMontreal Global Biodiversity Framework that can quickly mobilize and disburse new and additional resources from all sources, commensurate with the ambition of the Framework;
30. Requests the Global Environment Facility to establish, in 2023, and until 2030 unless the Conference of the Parties decides otherwise, a special trust fund to support the implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, to complement existing support and scale up financing to ensure its timely implementation, taking into account the need for adequacy, predictability, and timely flow of funds;
31. Also requests the Global Environmental Facility to prepare a decision to be considered by the Council, on the approval of the Global Biodiversity Framework Fund, with its own equitable governing body, to be dedicated exclusively to supporting the implementation of the goals and targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework;
32. Further requests the Global Environment Facility to advance the necessary institutional and governance arrangements to allow for the Global Biodiversity Framework Fund to receive financing from all sources, in addition to official development assistance;
36. Requests the Global Environmental Facility to engage all multilateral development banks and other international financial institutions in the design and operationalization of the Global Biodiversity Framework Fund, with the view of leveraging additional resources from and for the Fund and channel them through new and existing biodiversity portfolios, which need to be aligned with the goals and targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework;
38. Decides to assess the progress made in establishing, and on the operations and performance of, the Global Biodiversity Framework Fund, and to consider and adopt further guidance to the Global Environment Facility and to the governing body referred to paragraph 31 above, on the modalities and operation of the Fund, at its future meetings;
40. Decides to review the strategy for resource mobilization at its sixteenth meeting to fully align the it with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and ensure that it will provide a solid basis to guide Parties and other actors towards the mobilization of adequate resources, commensurate with the ambition of the Framework;
42. Further decides to explore proposals for a global instrument on biodiversity finance to mobilize resources from all sources, commensurate to the ambition of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, based on the assessment made and the gaps identified pursuant to paragraph 41 above;
43. Establishes an advisory committee on resource mobilization to support the strengthening of the strategy for resource mobilization and to operationalize the decisions taken in the previous paragraphs, based on the terms of reference provided in annex II to the present decision, and report thereon to the Subsidiary Body on Implementation and subsequently to the Conference of the Parties at its sixteenth meeting;
44. Invites Parties, other Governments, as well as relevant international organizations and initiatives to make submissions to the Executive Secretary on their experience, good practices and lessons learned with the strategy for resource mobilization regarding its contribution towards facilitating the immediate mobilization of resources in support of the implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and requests the Executive Secretary to compile these submissions for consideration by the Advisory Committee on Resource Mobilization established pursuant to paragraph 43 above;
46. Decides to keep the implementation of the strategy for resource mobilization under review at each meeting of the Conference of the Parties, starting at the seventeenth meeting, through the global stocktake, establishing an iterative process to facilitate any further adaptation of the strategy and associated institutional arrangements to allow for the timely mobilization of resources in support of the implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework by 2030;
47. Requests the Executive Secretary, subject to the availability of financial resources:
(a) To establish a technical expert group with terms of reference provided in annex III to the present decision, on the financial reporting elements in the monitoring framework of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework;
(b) To issue a notification inviting developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition to consider, taking into account national circumstances, whether they are in a position to voluntarily assume the obligations of the developed country Parties in accordance with Article 20 of the Convention, and, if so, to indicate this to the Executive Secretary;
(f) To continue and intensify collaboration with relevant organizations and initiatives with a view to further promoting supportive action on scaling and aligning incentive measures in accordance with Article 11 of the Convention;
(g) To continue and intensify collaboration with relevant bilateral and multilateral funding mechanisms with a view to further catalysing synergies in project development and financing for the purpose of the objectives of the Rio conventions and the Sustainable Development Goals;
