The workshop generated the following recommendations concerning Chapter III (Mainstreaming). Your further inputs are much appreciated.

In terms of the process, all the relevant stakeholders, in particular those sectors closely related to biodiversity and cross-sectoral departments as well as local communities, should be engaged and involved. Preparing this chapter should be used as an opportunity of mainstreaming.

In terms of mechanisms or tools, strategic environmental assessments, application of the ecosystem approaches, implementation of the Millennium Development Goals, development of relevant incentives, and joint or synergized implementation of the biodiversity-related conventions should be employed. Integration of biodiversity into broader strategies and programmes such as poverty reduction strategy and sustainable development strategy should be also included in this chapter. Concerns were also raised over the limited capacities to carry out strategic environmental assessments due to limited technical and human resources.

The chapter should go beyond a list of sectoral and cross-sectoral strategies, policies and programmes where biodiversity has been included. It should elaborate on mechanisms put in place for mainstreaming, relevant actions taken and outcomes achieved.

It is suggested that the preparation of this chapter and Chapter II should be linked considering their close interrelationship. Overlaps between them should be avoided by cross-referencing. It is also suggested that outcomes could be illustrated by linking them with changes in the status and trends of biodiversity presented in Chapter I.

Shortage of indicators to measure progress in implementing NBSAPs and mainstreaming is considered as a major challenge. Engaging relevant stakeholders in particular local communities is difficult considering that time is short for undertaking such consultations for preparing this report and that various stakeholders may have different levels of understanding of biodiversity and relevant issues.