Photo by UNEP/Stephanie Foote
Explore the evidence behind the global review
Progress across the Framework
In 2022, the world adopted an ambitious plan to halt and reverse biodiversity loss.
The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF), adopted by the 196 Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, sets out 23 targets for 2030 and four goals for 2050 towards the vision of a world living in harmony with nature.
Those commitments span three broad areas: reducing threats to biodiversity; meeting people’s needs through sustainable use and benefit-sharing; and putting in place the tools and solutions needed for implementation and mainstreaming.
We are now at the midpoint between the adoption of the Framework and its 2030 targets. And for the first time, the global report on collective progress in the implementation of the KMGBF, State of Biodiversity Action, brings together information from countries around the world to show where progress has been made and where it is falling short.
Explore the evidence
Targets 1-8 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework focus on reducing threats to biodiversity. They include commitments to strengthen biodiversity-inclusive planning; restore at least 30 per cent of degraded ecosystems; effectively conserve and manage at least 30 per cent of terrestrial and inland water areas and marine and coastal areas; halt human-induced extinctions of known threatened species; ensure that the use, harvesting and trade of wild species is sustainable; address the impacts of invasive alien species; reduce pollution risks to levels not harmful to biodiversity; and minimise the impacts of climate change on biodiversity.
Targets 9-13 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework focus on meeting people’s needs through sustainable use and benefit-sharing. They include commitments to manage and use wild species sustainably; ensure areas under agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries and forestry are managed sustainably; restore, maintain and enhance nature’s contributions to people; enhance and increase green and blue spaces in urban areas; and increase the fair and equitable sharing of benefits from genetic resources, Digital Sequence Information and traditional knowledge.
Targets 14-23 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework focus on the tools and solutions needed to turn biodiversity commitments into action. They address three closely connected challenges: integrating biodiversity across government and decision-making; mobilising action across society and the economy; and ensuring countries have the finance, capacity, knowledge and other means needed for implementation.