There has been no organized global statistics on biodiversity-related international financial resources flows. The best available statistical information on biodiversity-related international financial resources flows is about official development assistance for biodiversity that has been compiled regularly by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, using the OECD/DAC Reporting Directives for the Creditor Reporting System, including the Rio Markers in its annex 7 . The information generated from the Rio Markers has been used to inform the deliberations of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention.

According to the latest available data updated by the OECD Secretariat on 13 January 2014, biodiversity-related official development assistance reached US$6 billion in 2010. Using the 2011 price, average annual biodiversity-related official development assistance for the years 2006-2010 stands at US$5.02 billion.

Biodiversity-related official development assistance experienced a steady growth during the last decade, from US$1.35 billion in 2002. Using the constant prices, official development assistance marked for biodiversity was more than tripled from 2002 to 2010.

However, biodiversity-related official development assistance slipped by 7% in 2011 and another 15% in 2012. Fifteen percent of the decline is due to the overall constraints on official development assistance, and the remaining eighty-five percent is explained by the decrease in bio-intensity, measured by the ratio of biodiversity-related funding to official development assistance, from 6.61% in 2010 to 5.57% in 2012.

Among the sectors that have been marked for biodiversity, general environmental protection accounts for one third of biodiversity-related official development assistance, water supply and sanitation a little bit over a quarter, forestry thirteen percent, and agriculture ten percent. Multisector/cross-cutting includes rural development, non-agricultural alternative development, urban development and management, contributes to six percent of biodiversity-related official development assistance. Fishing, energy, government and civil society each explain roughly two percent of marked official development assistance. Others refer to Commodity Assistance, Education, Industry, Transport & Storage, Trade Policies & Regulations, Social Infrastructure & Services, General Budget Support, Health, Business & Other Services, Tourism, Disaster Prevention & Preparedness, Reconstruction Relief & Rehabilitation, Emergency Response, Banking & Financial Services, Conflict, Peace & Security, Action Relating to Debt, Mineral Resources & Mining, Communications, Construction.

The declining trend in biodiversity-related official development assistance is not distributed evenly among geographical regions. Latin America and the Caribbean was hit hardest, with the received biodiversity-related official development assistance decreasing by thirty one percent in the period 2010-2012. The assistance to Africa and Asia was reduced by nineteen percent respectively. There are also some silver linings: the assistance to Africa recovered by ten percent from its 2011 deep, and the assistance to Eastern Europe went up by twenty four percent between 2010-2012, with a peak in 2011.

Biodiversity-related official development assistance is determined by two factors: overall official development assistance, and bio-intensity. As the overall movement of official development assistance is hardly impacted by the efforts of the biodiversity sector alone, the projections forward to 2020 need to take as given the scenarios of overall official development assistance, and pay more attention to mobilizing the given official development assistance.

The average annual growth rate of overall official development assistance during the period 2002-2010 was between 5% and 7%, despite the considerable fluctuations. The projections on official development assistance thus assume two scenarios: 5% and 7% average annual growth rates of overall official development assistance during the current decade.

The bio-intensity of official development assistance in 2010 was 6.61%. If the biodiversity efforts within official development assistance sector remain at this level, for instance 6%, there will be no chance to achieve the international target (US$10.04 at 2011 price) to double financial resources flows under scenario I during this decade, but the target might be achieved towards the end of this decade under scenario II. If the target year of 2015 is used as reference, the international community will miss the target of doubling financial resources flows when the bio-intensity of official development assistance is lower than 9% under scenario I or lower than 8% under scenario II.

The chances to double biodiversity-related official development assistance by 2015 are as follows:

• Bio-intensity is no less than 9% if the average annual official development assistance will be around 5%
• Bio-intensity is no less than 8% if the average annual official development assistance will be around 7%

This means that business as usual is not an option for achieving the agreed target to double international financial resources flows. The target can only be achieved by substantially increasing bio-intensity of official development assistance, increasing overall level of official development assistance, or both.

OECD/DAC Reporting Directives for the Creditor Reporting System 2007, including the Rio Markers in its annex 7

OECD Rio Marker presentation, by Christina van Winkle and Anna Drutschinin, WGRI-5 Panel Discussion: Success and Challenges in Tracking and Reporting on CBD-Related Resource Mobilization, 19 June 2014, Montreal

Australia	(2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012 (2014) Bilateral ODA and other public funds (2006-2010)
Austria	(2014) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Belgium	(2012) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Bulgaria	(2014) Bilateral official development assistance (2013) (2012) Submission
Canada	(2012) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Croatia	(2014) Multilateral official development assistance (2006-2012)
Czech Republic	(2014) Bilateral and multilateral development assistance, other public funds (2006-2012) (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012 (2014) Concept of Foreign Development Cooperation of the Czech Republic in 2010 - 2017: mentioned biodiversity conservation
Denmark	(2014) Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance (2006-2012), Annual contribution of DKK 2.3 billion, equivalent to USD 390 million p.a. (average for 2006-2010). This amount corresponds to approx. DKK 410 per person per year, or 0.13% of GNP (2012) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Estonia	(2014) Bilateral official development assistance (2010-2011) (2012) Submission
European Union	(2014) Bilateral official development assistance (2006-2012) (2012) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Finland	(2012) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
France	(2014) Sur la période 2013-2016, le volume annuel moyen des engagements financiers pondérés de l’AFD sera porté à un minimum de 160M€, contre 80M€ sur la période de référence de 2006 à 2010 retenue par la COP11 d’Hyderabad. Les engagements financiers de l’AFD seront répartis entre l’objectif 1 (75 % soit 120M€), l’objectif 2 (21% soit 34M€) et l’objectif 3 (4% soit 6 M€). Ces engagements bénéficieront en priorité à l’Afrique subsaharienne et à la Méditerranée. (2014) Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance (2006-2012) (2012) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Germany	(2014) Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance (2006-2012) (2012) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Greece	(2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Hungary	(2014) In March 2014 the Government adopted the International Development Cooperation and Humanitarian Aid Strategy of Hungary for the period of 2014-2020.
Iceland	(2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Ireland	(2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Italy	(2014) Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance, international flows from private and market, not-for-profit organizations (2006) (2012) Submission 2012 (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Japan	(2014) bilateral and multilateral official development assistance (2006-2010) (2012) Submission 2012 (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Luxembourg	(2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Netherlands	(2014) Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance (2006-2010) (2012) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
New Zealand	Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance, other public funds (2006-2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Norway	(2014) Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance (2006-2012) (2012) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Poland	(2014) Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance (2006-2010) (2012) Submission 2012
Portugal	(2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Republic of Korea	(2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Slovenia	(2014) Multilateral official development assistance (2006-2012)
Spain	(2014) Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance (2006-2012) (2012) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Sweden	(2014) Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance (2011); Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance (2012) (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
Switzerland	(2012) Submission (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
United Kingdom	(2014) Bilateral and multilateral official development assistance, other public funds (2006-2011) (2014) expenditure on biodiversity in the UK and internationally. The indicator shows increases in the long term (since 2000-01), but decreases in the last five years. In 2012-13, £471 million of UK public sector funding was spent on UK biodiversity; this value has remained stable since 2011-12, having fallen from a peak in 2008-09. In the longer term, between 2000-01 and 2012-13, public sector spending on UK biodiversity increased by 76 per cent in real terms. (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012
United States of America	(2013) USAID Biodiversity Conservation and Forestry Programs annual report 2013 (2012) Rio marker (bio) 2002-2012