Background Information
The circular economy offers countries a practical route to tackling biodiversity loss at its source and meeting biodiversity goals. It does so by generating economic value in ways that not only prevent further loss and degradation but also help regenerate nature. This makes circular economy approaches and business models a powerful means of helping deliver biodiversity objectives.
It is estimated that biodiversity could recover to 2000 levels by 2035 through circular economy transitions alone. By 2050, circular land-use changes could contribute 28% of the action required to meet ambitious global biodiversity recovery goals – including reducing required agricultural land by over 600 million ha compared to business-as-usual, including freeing 280 million ha of forest habitats and saving 24 million ha of cotton cultivation area.
Despite this potential, the circular economy is absent from most NBSAPs and national targets. In general, targets encompassing socio-economic dimensions – essential to the transformative change that success requires — receive far less attention than those pertaining to conservation. The circular economy could help address this gap, yet only 25% of countries mention it as part of their national targets and strategies, and even then most focus narrowly on plastics and waste.
The recently published IPBES Business and Biodiversity Assessment recognises that the current conditions perpetuate business-as-usual and do not support the transformative change required to halt and reverse biodiversity loss. It explicitly identifies the circular economy as a key way forward to change these conditions.
Furthermore, with biodiversity target delivery lagging and the global biodiversity finance gap estimated at $700 billion per year, wider uptake of circular approaches and business models could help mainstream biodiversity considerations across sectors and mobilise funding towards practices that reduce pressures on — and help regenerate — biodiversity. They can also offer countries an economically compelling alternative for redirecting harmful subsidies.